青花釉里红鸡缸杯
名称：青花釉里红鸡缸杯大明成化年款
年代：康熙年制
介绍：
青花釉里红，乃我国传统制瓷釉下彩装饰之一。把青花与釉里红组合在一件瓷器上，给人以独特的艺术视觉，其创于元代，明清续传。
成化后期，景德镇御窑厂进入烧造过度的状态，除斗彩鸡缸杯外，还衍生出青花鸡缸杯、五彩鸡缸杯和釉里红鸡缸杯等新的品种，这些鸡缸杯的存世量比斗彩鸡缸杯更少，青花釉里红鸡缸杯该杯制作十分精细，胎质洁白细腻，白里微闪灰青，釉面柔润温和，玉质感，用清新淡雅的青花在小巧的杯子上描绘子母鸡图，特显雅致，使人赏心悦目，是成化晚期淡雅型青花的典型，弥足珍贵。青花釉里红始于元代,以钴为着色剂的青花和以铜为发色剂的釉里红两种工艺结合烧制而成。在明代很少有青花釉里红的成功之作。康熙时期烧制成功,并有所创新。康熙青花釉里红主要是官窑瓷器。
康熙时期釉里红的烧制得到了恢复,取得了仅次于青花瓷器的成就。基本上能掌握高温釉下铜红材料的发色效果,釉里红发色比明代有所提高。且呈色稳定,鲜艳明丽,纹饰,线条细颈清晰,与青花配合浓淡相宜,和谐悦目。
康熙早期釉里红的色调有深浓与浅淡两种,深浓者有凝厚感,浅淡者呈粉色至紫色。细笔线条的描绘细致清晰,有的清新,有的深沉。平涂绘就的釉里红三果、三鱼可达到明宣德时期的水平。这时期的青花釉里红器主要为官窑烧造,且烧造较为成功。
鸡缸杯，因其造似缸、外饰鸡纹而得名，成窑斗彩鸡缸杯乃旷世奇珍，成就了中国美学的经典，是为瓷史上的一段传奇，深为后世推崇，其中以康熙时仿品佳。清代康熙时期，成化斗彩鸡缸杯极受重视，于当时程哲所著《蓉槎蠡说》、刘廷几《在园杂记》、孙承泽《砚山斋杂记》、高士其《高江村集》等笔记内皆有记述，其中高士其更作《成窑鸡缸歌》赞咏。在此社会风气影响下，以景德镇御窑厂督窑官郎廷极督烧的郎窑鸡缸杯名重一时。
从传世器来看，康熙鸡杯不仅在尺寸规格上有多种，本品则是既有康熙之神又不乏成化之韵的佳作，收藏价值。
The glaze red in blue and white is one of the decorations under the glaze of traditional Chinese porcelain. Combining blue and red glazes on a piece of porcelain gives a unique artistic vision. It was founded in the Yuan Dynasty and continued in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
In the late Chenghua period, Jingdezhen Yukio Factory entered a state of excessive over-firing, and in addition to the buckets of the bowls of chickens in the bucket, a new breed of blue-and-white chicken cups, colorful chicken cups, and red bowls of glazed red chickens were also derived. The cup is still much less than the bucket color cup, blue-and-white glaze red chicken cylinder cup is very fine, delicate and delicate white, green and blue, green and soft glazed, jade texture is strong, with fresh The elegant blue and white flowers depicting the hen's picture in a small cup are particularly elegant and pleasing to the eye. It is a typical example of elegant blue-and-white flowers in the late Chenghua period. The blue-red glaze originated in the Yuan Dynasty. It was made by combining two processes, cobalt with blue as the coloring agent and glaze red with copper as the coloring agent. In the Ming Dynasty, there were few successful works of blue glaze red. During the Kangxi period, it was successfully fired and innovated. Kangxi blue and white glaze red is mainly official kiln porcelain.
During the Kangxi period, the firing of glaze red was restored, and the outstanding achievements after the blue-and-white porcelain were achieved. Basically, the color effect of high-temperature underglazed copper-red materials can be mastered, and the color of red hair in the glaze is higher than that of the Ming Dynasty. And it is stable in color, bright and beautiful, exquisitely ornamented, clear lines and necks, and suitable for blue and white with harmonious shades.
In the early period of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, there were two types of shades: deep and light, and those with deep darkness had a sense of thickening, and those who were light were pink to purple. The description of fine strokes is meticulous and clear, some fresh and deep. The three-fish and three-fish in glaze can reach the level of the Ming Xuande period. In this period, the blue-and-white glaze redware was mainly burned in the official kiln, and the firing was more successful.
The chicken bowl cup was named after its cylinder and outer chicken pattern. It was a rare ceramic bowl made by a kiln, and it was a classic of Chinese aesthetics. It was a legend in the history of porcelain and was deeply admired by later generations. Among them, the best imitation products were Kangxi. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the Chenghua Douqiu chicken cylinder cup was highly valued. At that time, Cheng Zhe wrote “The Story of Rong Xi”, Liu Tingji’s “In the Garden”, Sun Chengze’s Miscellaneous Songs of the Mountain, and Gao Shiqi’s “High”. Jiang Cunji and other notes are all recorded in the book, and Gao Shiqi even more praised him for the "Cheng Kiln Chicken Cylinder Song." Under the influence of this social ethos, the name of the Langyao Chicken Cylinder Cup, which was governed by the Governor of the Imperial Court of the Kilns in Jingdezhen, was heavy.
From the perspective of the handed down device, Kangxi's chicken cups not only have a variety of sizes and specifications, but this product is a masterpiece of both the Emperor Kangxi and the rhyme of Chenghua. It is highly collectible.
